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Connections between intermediary metabolism and acetylation of histones
Zach, Róbert ; Převorovský, Martin (advisor) ; Bieberstein, Nicole (referee)
Acetylation of histone proteins affects chromatin structure and functions as a coactivating signal for transcription. Acetylation of histone lysine residues is mediated by histone acetyltransferases, which utilize molecule of Ac-CoA as a donor of acetyl group. Ac-CoA is located in the centre of intermediary carbon metabolism, where it fuels citric acid cycle and fatty acid synthesis. Level of intracellular Ac-CoA fluctuates in response to changes in availability of utilizable carbon sources and metabolic activity of the cell. Since changes in intracellular concentration of Ac-CoA positively correlate with histone acetylation level, Ac-CoA might contribute to transcriptional modulation in response to nutritional stress. Moreover, Ac-CoA takes part in process of differentiation and seems to be important for cell cycle regulation. Key words: Ac-CoA, histone acetylation, nutrition, intermediary metabolism, regulation of transcription, cell cycle, glucose
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The role of histone post-translational modifications in the regulation of gene expression in plants
Chromý, Jakub ; Čermák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Holá, Dana (referee)
Chromatin structure, gene expression and consequently many important aspects of the plant development are under control of epigenetic regulation. Within epigenetic regulation, histones and their modifications play a pivotal role. The N-terminal tails of histones are dynamically modified by covalent post-translational modifications (PTMs). These modifications are key regulators modulating chromatin structure and thus regulating gene expression. In angiosperms, one of the processes finely regulated at the epigenetic level is the flowering. Flowering represents a very complex process, that is relevant for the study of epigenetic regulation as well as for practical application. In this work, I summarize current knowledge of the role of histone PTMs in the regulation of gene expression in plants, focused predominantly on two key regulators of flowering in Arabidopsis - FLC and FT.
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Connections between intermediary metabolism and acetylation of histones
Zach, Róbert ; Převorovský, Martin (advisor) ; Bieberstein, Nicole (referee)
Acetylation of histone proteins affects chromatin structure and functions as a coactivating signal for transcription. Acetylation of histone lysine residues is mediated by histone acetyltransferases, which utilize molecule of Ac-CoA as a donor of acetyl group. Ac-CoA is located in the centre of intermediary carbon metabolism, where it fuels citric acid cycle and fatty acid synthesis. Level of intracellular Ac-CoA fluctuates in response to changes in availability of utilizable carbon sources and metabolic activity of the cell. Since changes in intracellular concentration of Ac-CoA positively correlate with histone acetylation level, Ac-CoA might contribute to transcriptional modulation in response to nutritional stress. Moreover, Ac-CoA takes part in process of differentiation and seems to be important for cell cycle regulation. Key words: Ac-CoA, histone acetylation, nutrition, intermediary metabolism, regulation of transcription, cell cycle, glucose
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